|
Applications
ADORA can be used in air quality assessments for releases involving single or multiple chemicals. Examples include conflagrations involving chemical warehouses, rail cars, or tank fires,
explosions, pool fires, forest fires, petroleum product burns, open bun/open detonation applications, and spills of chemicals that react with atmospheric moisture.
Three types of release scenarios can be modeled using ADORA:
ADORA for Demilitarization Program: Open Burn Open Detonation (OBOD) is a common means of disposing conventional weapons and wastes containing energetic materials (such as explosives). ADORA can be used to predict the type and amounts of various chemicals formed due to OBOD operations, their dispersion in the atmosphere and deposition on ground.
ADORA for Off-site Consequence Analysis Program: ADORA can model continuous releases (eg., accidental spills) of chemicals that may react with atmospheric moisture.
Such chemicals (e.g., boron trichloride) may be initially heavier than air, but become buoyant due to the exothermic reactions with ambient moisture. This model can be applied to the Environmental
Protection Agency’s (EPA) Off-site Consequence Analysis (OCA) for Risk Management Planning (RMP) for chemical process industries. ADORAnuclear: Uranium Hexafluoride (UF6) is a commonly used fuel in nuclear enrichment plants. When released into atmosphere, UF6 reacts with ambient humidity to form
hazardous compounds such as hydrogen fluoride. Hydrogen fluoride, in turn, undergoes a number of thermodynamic transformations (polymerization and condensation with water). ADORAnuclear solves the simultaneous chemical reactions, thermodynamic transformations, and cloud motion to determine the evolution and spread of the cloud formed from different types of UF6 releases into atmosphere. The model can predict the hazard areas affected due to UF6 releases, dosage of UF6 and HF and deposition of small solid aerosol particles formed from reactions. The predictions of the model are realistic and compared well with some of the accidents that occurred in UF6 processing plants over the years.
- ADORA for Preparedness against Terrorist Attacks: In the aftermath of September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on industrial complexes, chemical and biological agent storage facilities has become a major concern. ADORA models teh accidental or intentional release of toxic emission from these facilities.
|
