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Introduction
ADORA is a unique source characterization and dispersion model for extremely hazardous chemicals in the atmosphere. Existing atmospheric dispersion models do not treat the chemical reactions and
thermodynamics satisfactorily. In ADORA, the source characterization for various release scenarios, reacting puff spreading, lift-off and rise, and transient dispersion under practical meteorological
conditions are modeled based on engineering principles. The complex interactions of buoyant/heavy cloud turbulent dynamics, multi-phase thermodynamics, and multi-step chemical reactions for various pollutants
are included. The accurate treatment of these processes allows the application of the model to realistic release scenarios without being too conservative.
Hazard distances predicted by ADORA are often times shorter than those predicted by other models since the model accounts for the following:
Heat released from chemical reactions increases cloud buoyancy Transient buoyant cloud has higher final rise height Heat released from chemical reactions accelerates the cloud dilution rate Chemical reaction may reduce cloud toxicity over time
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